Hello, my name is Balmori Alonso Lopez Ramos and I live in Laval. I have studied general sciences for a year and a half at Ahuntsic College. My field of study is a mixture of many sciences, such as pure and applied sciences, health sciences and biology. This glossary could be useful for students of these fields of study, as it contains a multitude of terms that are used in the these natural sciences programs, alongside their meanings and examples to help the understanding of the words. Understanding these terms could be a big help to students that study health sciences and medicine.
angiogenesis
noun
The development of new blood vessels.
Example: Locally stimulated T cells secrete the cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1, which in turn cause synovium to become locally invasive (pannus), ANGIOGENESIS, and the formation of high endothelial venules (HEVs).
en: angiogenèse
anthropogenic
adjective
Originating in human activity (chiefly of pollution or environmental change) .
Example: Scientists use the word "ANTHROPOGENIC" in referring to environmental change caused or influenced by people, either directly or indirectly.
en: anthropique
biocommodity
noun
Any biological commodity such as biofuel.
Example: Identification of host organisms with useful industrial properties and development of genetic systems for these organisms is a research challenge distinctive to BIOCOMMODITY engineering.
en: bioproduit
biorefinery
noun
A framework or a structure in which biomass is utilized in an optimal manner to produce multiple products and tries to be self-sustaining and not harmful to the environment.
Example: BIOREFINERIES are industrial facilities that sustainably convert biomass into energy, chemicals, and materials.
en: bioraffinerie
blood vessel
noun
A tubular structure carrying blood through the tissues and organs; a vein, artery, or capillary.
Example: We believe that the clot may have originated from an enlarged BLOOD VESSEL further up, behind your knee.
en: vaisseau sanguin
cellulose
An insoluble substance which is the main constituent of plant cell walls and of vegetable fibers such as cotton. It is a polysaccharide consisting of chains of glucose monomers.
Example: CELLULOSE is a fiber found in fruits, vegetables, and other plant foods as part of a plant’s cell walls. It’s found in tree bark and a plant’s leaves.
en: cellulose
chemotherapy
noun
The treatment of disease by the use of chemical substances, especially the treatment of cancer by cytotoxic and other drugs.
Example: Anemia may also occur in cancer patients as a consequence of the disease or as an adverse effect from the CHEMOTHERAPY treatment they receive.
en: chimiothérapie
enzyme
noun
A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
Example: If a nucleophilic group is in the binding site it can open the -lactam ring so the molecule becomes irreversibly bound to the ENZYME, blocking the active site.
en: enzyme
metastasis
noun
The development of secondary malignant growths at a distance from a primary site of cancer.
Example: Cancer is a collection of diseases with the common features of uncontrolled cell growth followed by METASTASIS to surrounding tissues.
en: métastase
mitotic spindle
noun
Microtubule-made machine required for chromosome segregation during mitosis.
Example: The basal bodies from which eukaryotic cilia and flagella develop would have been able to create the MITOTIC SPINDLE, is therefore involved in mitosis.
en: fuseau mitotique
nanochannel
noun
Unique glass structures containing a regular geometric array of parallel holes or channels as small as 33 nm in diameter or as large as several micrometers in diameter.
Example: However, hierarchically engineered heterogeneous NANOCHANNELS have gradually come onto the stage because of their excellent ion selectivity, permeability, and rectification properties and thus have been shining brilliantly in fields such as selective ion transport, energy conversion, biomolecular separation, and detection.
en: nanocanal
nanofluidics
noun
The study of the transport of fluids that are confined to structures of nanometer length scale.
Example: NANOFLUIDICShas experienced significant growth in the past two decades, driven primarily by fundamental studies of physical forces in nanoscale conduits and a better understanding how these forces uniquely impact ion and fluid transport at the nanoscale.
en: nanofluidique
nanogland
noun
Microfabricated glands with a channel size ranging from 3.6 nm to 60 μm.
Example: Finally, evidence of in vivo viability of human islets subcutaneously transplanted within NANOGLANDS was shown in mice for over 120 days.
en: nanoglande
radiation therapy
noun
The treatment of disease, especially cancer, using X-rays or similar forms of radiation.
Example: Knowledge of receptor status also aids the selection of adjuvant therapeutics following excision or RADIATION THERAPY, and palliative therapy if metastatic disease develops.
en: radiothérapie
subcellular organelle
noun
A subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell.
Example: SUBCELLULAR ORGANELLE analysis using proteomics is a useful method for obtaining spatial cellular maps that can reveal details about the structure and functionality of organelles and the cell.